Table 4 |
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Individual compositional and community contextual factors associated with early sexual debut among ever or currently marriage Nigeria women identified by multivariable multilevel logistic regressions‡ |
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|
Empty model |
Individual variables |
Individual and community variables |
|
|
|
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|
Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
|
|
|
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|
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
|
|
|
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|
Fixed effects |
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Individual characteristics |
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|
Age (completed years) |
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|
15 – 24 |
1 |
1 |
|
|
25 – 34 |
1.02 (0.87, 1.21) |
1.05 (0.89, 1.24) |
|
|
35+ |
1.19 (1.02, 1.41)* |
1.24 (1.05, 1.47)** |
|
|
Education |
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|
No education |
1 |
1 |
|
|
Primary |
0.69 (0.59, 0.80)*** |
0.74 (0.62, 0.88)*** |
|
|
Secondary or higher |
0.26 (0.22, 0.70)*** |
0.30 (0.25, 0.36)*** |
|
|
Ethnicity |
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|
Hausa/Fulani |
1 |
1 |
|
|
Igbo |
0.35 (0.23, 0.52)*** |
0.53 (0.34, 0.80)** |
|
|
Yoruba |
0.22 (0.14, 0.33)*** |
0.32 (0.21, 0.48)*** |
|
|
Others |
0.56 (0.45, 0.70)*** |
0.63 (0.51, 0.78)*** |
|
|
Religion |
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|
Islam |
1 |
1 |
|
|
Christian |
0.77 (0.61, 0.96)* |
0.81 (0.64, 1.02) |
|
|
Others |
1.02 (0.65, 1.59) |
0.92 (0.60, 1.45) |
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Community characteristics |
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|
Type of residence |
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|
Urban |
1.10 (0.95, 1.25) |
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|
Rural |
1 |
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|
Community ethnic diversity† |
0.98 (0.95, 1.01) |
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|
Community median age of marriage |
0.77 (0.77, 0.81)*** |
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|
Community median spousal age gap |
1.01 (0.98, 1.05) |
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|
Geopolitical region |
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|
North-central |
0.44 (0.31, 0.64)*** |
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|
North-east |
0.40 (0.24, 0.66)*** |
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|
North-west |
0.48 (0.30, 0.77)** |
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|
South-east |
0.43 (0.24, 0.75)** |
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|
South-south |
1 |
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|
South-west |
0.57 (0.34, 0.96)* |
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|
Constant |
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|
Random effects |
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|
State-level |
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|
Variance (SE) |
1.058 (0.289)*** |
0.220 (0.084)** |
0.057 (0.03) |
|
VPC (%) |
22.8 |
6.1 |
1.7 |
|
Explained variation (%) |
Reference |
79.2 |
94.6 |
|
Community-level |
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|
Variance (SE) |
0.280 (0.057)*** |
0.104 (0.039)** |
0.021 (0.017) |
|
VPC (%) |
6.0 |
2.9 |
0.6 |
|
Explained variation (%) |
Reference |
62.8 |
92.5 |
|
Model fit statistics |
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|
DIC |
6543 |
6255 |
6219 |
|
Sample size |
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|
State-level |
36 |
36 |
36 |
|
Community-level |
177 |
177 |
177 |
|
Individual-level |
5531 |
5508 |
5508 |
|
|
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|
Abbreviations: OR – Odds ratio, CI – Confidence interval, VPC – Variance Partition Coefficient, SE – Standard error, DIC – Deviance information criterion †Number of ethnic group in a community, represents the likelihood that two persons, chosen at random from the same area, belong to different ethnic group *p < .05, **p < .01, and ***p < .001 ‡Data source: 2003 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey |
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Uthman International Journal of Health Geographics 2008 7:27 doi:10.1186/1476-072X-7-27 |
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