Table 5 |
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|
COPD diagnosis and chronic bronchitis symptoms in relation to traffic. |
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|
COPD Diagnosis |
Chronic bronchitis symptoms |
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|
|
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|
n |
n, (%) |
OR a |
n |
n, (%) |
OR a |
||
|
Heavy traffic |
No |
6041 |
243(4.0%) |
1.00 |
6041 |
401(6.6%) |
1.00 |
|
Yes |
3275 |
172(5.3%) |
1.36(1.10–1.67) |
3275 |
234(7.1%) |
1.11(0.94–1.31) |
|
|
Heaviest road within <100 m |
no heavy road |
3755 |
153(4.1%) |
1.00 |
3755 |
222(5.9%) |
1.00 |
|
<2 cars/min |
2235 |
95(4.3%) |
1.04(0.80–1.35) |
2235 |
159(7.1%) |
1.21(0.98–1.50) |
|
|
2–5 cars/min |
1820 |
71(3.9%) |
0.96(0.72–1.28) |
1820 |
137(7.5%) |
1.30(1.04–1.62) |
|
|
6–10 cars/min |
886 |
60(6.8%) |
1.57(1.15–2.14) |
886 |
67(7.6%) |
1.24(0.93–1.65) |
|
|
>10 cars/min |
578 |
34(5.9%) |
1.64(1.11–2.41) |
578 |
48(8.3%) |
1.53(1.10–2.13) |
|
|
NOx (μg/m3) |
0–8 |
1855 |
74(4.0%) |
1.00 |
1855 |
110(5.9%) |
1.00 |
|
8–11 |
1855 |
68(3.7%) |
0.89(0.63–1.24) |
1855 |
118(6.4%) |
1.05(0.81–1.38) |
|
|
11–14 |
1855 |
87(4.7%) |
1.19(0.86–1.64) |
1855 |
121(6.5%) |
1.12(0.86–1.46) |
|
|
14–19 |
1858 |
83(4.5%) |
1.03(0.74–1.42) |
1858 |
122(6.6%) |
1.06(0.81–1.39) |
|
|
>19 |
1851 |
101(5.5%) |
1.43(1.04–1.95) |
1851 |
162(8.8%) |
1.55(1.21–2.00) |
|
|
p-trend |
0.010 |
p-trend |
<0.0001 |
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|
|
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|
a Adjusted for age, sex, and smoking. [OR(95%CI)]. |
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|
Lindgren et al. International Journal of Health Geographics 2009 8:2 doi:10.1186/1476-072X-8-2 |
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