Table 2 |
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|
Prevalence odds ratio for congenital anomalies according to maternal exposure to emissions of the municipal solid waste incinerator of Reggio Emilia, northern Italy, 1998–2006 1 |
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|
Entire study period |
Operation period |
Shut-down period |
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|
|
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|
Cases % (n) |
Controls % (n) |
OR (95% CI) |
Cases % (n) |
Controls % (n) |
OR (95% CI) |
Cases % (n) |
Controls % (n) |
OR (95% CI) |
|
|
|
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|
All abnormalities |
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|
A area (low exposure) |
89.0 (203) |
90.4 (206) |
1.00 (referent) |
91.6 (119) |
89.2 (116) |
1.00 (referent) |
83.5 (71) |
90.6 (77) |
1.00 (referent) |
|
B area (medium exposure) |
7.9 (18) |
5.3 (12) |
1.55 (0.67–3.56) |
6.1 (8) |
5.4 (7) |
1.10 (0.39–3.06) |
11.8 (10) |
5.9 (5) |
3.17 (0.65–15.46) |
|
C area (high exposure) |
3.1 (7) |
4.3 (10) |
0.67 (0.25–1.77) |
2.3 (3) |
5.4 (7) |
0.41 (0.11–1.61) |
4.7 (4) |
3.5 (3) |
1.30 (0.29–5.82) |
|
P trend 0.883 |
P trend 0.321 |
P trend 0.308 |
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|
Overall exposed area (B+C) |
11.0 (25) |
9.6 (22) |
1.10 (0.59–2.04) |
8.4 (11) |
10.8 (14) |
0.76 (0.34–1.69) |
16.5 (14) |
9.4 (8) |
2.07 (0.71–6.00) |
|
|
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|
Cardiovascular anomalies |
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|
A area (low exposure) |
90.6 (87) |
88.6 (85) |
1.00 (referent) |
94.9 (56) |
83.0 (49) |
1.00 (referent) |
81.4 (26) |
96.9 (31) |
1.00 (referent) |
|
B area (medium exposure) |
6.3 (6) |
6.3 (6) |
0.94 (0.27–3.31) |
5.1 (3) |
8.4 (5) |
0.59 (0.14–2.49) |
9.3 (3) |
3.1 (1) |
-2 |
|
C area (high exposure) |
3.1 (3) |
5.2 (5) |
0.58 (0.14–2.45) |
0.0 (0) |
8.4 (5) |
-2 |
9.3 (3) |
0.0 (0) |
-2 |
|
P trend 0.494 |
P trend 0.647 |
P trend 0.996 |
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|
Overall exposed area (B+C) |
9.4(9) |
11.5 (11) |
0.76 (0.30–1.96) |
5.1 (3) |
16.8 (10) |
0.29 (0.08–1.08) |
18.8 (6) |
3.1 (1) |
-2 |
|
|
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|
Nervous system defects |
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|
A area (low exposure) |
95.7 (22) |
87.0 (20) |
1.00 (referent) |
100.0 (13) |
92.3 (12) |
1.00 (referent) |
88.9 (8) |
77.8 (7) |
1.00 (referent) |
|
B area (medium exposure) |
4.3 (1) |
0.0 (0) |
-2 |
0.0 (0) |
0.0 (0) |
-2 |
11.1 (1) |
0.0 (0) |
-2 |
|
C area (high exposure) |
0.0 (0) |
13.0 (3) |
-2 |
0.0 (0) |
7.7 (1) |
-2 |
0.0 (0) |
22.2 (2) |
-2 |
|
P trend 0.200 |
P trend 0.995 |
P trend 0.354 |
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|
Overall exposed area (B+C) |
4.3 (1) |
13.0 (3) |
0.31 (0.03–3.11) |
0.0 (0) |
7.7 (1) |
-2 |
11.1 (1) |
22.2 (2) |
0.50 (0.05–5.51) |
|
|
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|
1Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) computed with conditional logistic regression 2 No point estimate could be computed |
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|
Vinceti et al. International Journal of Health Geographics 2009 8:8 doi:10.1186/1476-072X-8-8 |
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