Table 4

Odds ratios for fruit and vegetable consumption by metro status with distance to large supermarket

Metro (n = 568,584)

Nonmetro (n = 267,697)

Age, 18-24 years (ref.)

25-34

0.81 [0.77, 0.84]**

0.81 [0.75, 0.88]**

35-44

0.85 0.81, 0.89]**

0.84 [0.77, 0.91]**

45-54

0.94 [0.90, 0.98]**

0.95 [0.88, 1.03]

55-64

1.09 [1.04, 1.15]**

1.18 [1.09, 1.28]**

65-74

1.41 [1.33, 1.49]**

1.58 [1.45, 1.72]**

≥ 75

1.84 [1.71, 1.97]**

1.99 [1.82, 2.18]**

Sex, Female (ref.)

Male

0.59 [0.58, 0.61]**

0.59 [0.56, 0.61]**

Race/ethnicity, White (ref.)

Black

1.08 [1.04, 1.12]**

0.95 [0.88, 1.03]

Hispanic

1.17 [1.12, 1.23]**

1.18 [1.05, 1.31]**

Asian

1.26 [1.16, 1.37]**

1.22 [0.99, 1.51]

American Indian

1.38 [1.18, 1.62]**

1.36 [1.14, 1.62]**

Other

1.34 [1.26, 1.43]**

1.24 [1.10, 1.40]**

Education, < High school (ref.)

H.S.

1.06 [1.00, 1.11]*

1.09 [1.02, 1.17]**

Some college

1.30 [1.22, 1.39]**

1.48 [1.38, 1.59]**

College grad

1.70 [1.61, 1.80]**

1.93 [1.80, 2.08]**

Income, < $15,000 (ref.)

$15,000-$24,999

1.06 [1.01, 1.12]*

1.16 [1.09, 1.23]**

$25,000-$49,999

1.08 [1.01, 1.15]*

1.18 [1.10, 1.26]**

$50,000-$74,999

1.12 [1.04, 1.19]**

1.29 [1.20, 1.39]**

≥ $75,000

1.25 [1.16, 1.35]**

1.43 [1.33, 1.55]**

Region, Northeast (ref)

Midwest

0.80 [0.77, 0.83]**

0.83 [0.77, 0.89]**

South

0.90 [0.86, 0.94]**

0.89 [0.83, 0.95]**

West

0.98 [0.93, 1.03]

0.96 [0.88, 1.04]

Supermarket distance, log10

Large supermarket

0.95 [0.92, 0.99]*

0.99 [0.91, 1.06]

Note: Numbers in brackets are 95% confidence intervals for odds ratios.

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01

Michimi and Wimberly International Journal of Health Geographics 2010 9:49   doi:10.1186/1476-072X-9-49